Who determines the size and organization of the Army?

• A. The President
• B. Congress
• C. The Supreme Court
• D. The Department of Defense

Answer: (B)

The size and structure of the Army are set by Congress through statutes and funding. The Constitution gives Congress the power to raise and support armies and to provide for organizing the military, including authorizing force levels and the overall structure; it also controls the budget. The President, as Commander-in-Chief, leads and conducts operations, but cannot unilaterally change end strength or the Army’s organization without new laws and approved funding. The Department of Defense administers and implements those decisions within that legal framework. The Supreme Court does not determine military size or organization.