Which feature uses U or V shapes pointing away from high ground?

• A. Ridge
• B. Draw
• C. Valley
• D. Spur

Answer: (D)

When reading contour patterns, you’re looking for how high ground and drainage relate to each feature. A spur is a narrow arm of higher ground that projects away from a main ridge. On a map, the contour lines wrap around this projecting ridge and form short U- or V-shaped bends whose opening or point is directed away from the higher ground. That outward-pointing pattern is the telltale sign that the feature is a spur, since it reflects a limb of elevated ground extending away from the main crest.

This helps distinguish it from other features: valleys and draws are shaped by drainage and typically show V-patterns pointing toward the uphill direction (toward the higher ground where the water source lies). A ridge is a long, continuous crest rather than a short projecting arm. So the U or V shapes that turn away from the high ground align with the appearance of a spur.